Spain

1. J-60
   Check your passport

   Valid ≥ 6 months after return + 2 blank pages.

2. J-46
   Gather the visa documents

   Passport issued less than 10 years ago, valid 3 months beyond return, with 2 blank pages · Signed Schengen visa application form + passport photo · Travel medical insurance (minimum €30,000 cover, mandatory) · Round-trip booking and proof of accommodation (or invitation) · Proof of funds: last 3 bank statements

3. J-45
   Book the flight

   Best fares are usually gone 6–8 weeks out.

4. J-36
   Submit the visa application

   Observed processing: Apply no earlier than 6 months and no later than 15 days before departure; decision usually within 15 days (up to 45) + safety margin.

5. J-21
   Health: vaccines & yellow card

   Yellow fever often required; malaria prophylaxis depending on the area.

6. J-3
   eSIM, insurance & money

   Data on landing, travel insurance, some cash.

7. J-1
   Print / back up your documents

   Passport, visa, tickets, bookings (paper + phone).

Indicative lead times, computed with a safety margin from observed processing times. Reconfirm with official sources.